ICAK-USA Research
The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology
Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers
of the International College of
Applied Kinesiology for the year 1991-1992
-- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C.
A.K. IN THE TREATMENT OF SEASICKNESS
Katherine M. Conable, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present the case of a female treated for seasickness with AK methods.
Clinical Features:
A woman in her mid-30s experienced severe seasickness. Even with calm sailing
she experienced vomiting. She refused to take Dramamine or other drugs for her
problem. This patient complained of a C1 subluxation (she was a long-time
chiropractic patient), and she had severe burns over much of her body when she
was much younger. The patient underwent chiropractic care while at sea.
Intervention and Outcome:
Initial examination showed no muscles weak, no respiratory cranial faults, TMJ
negative in all positions, acupuncture pulse points negative to TL, and gait
testing negative. The following showed positive TL or challenge and were
treated: K-27, and the C2, C6, T4, T11, L3 and L4 vertebrae. Dural release was
given to eliminate tenderness in the cervical area, sacrum, and the rest of the
spine. The patient immediately noticed an improvement in her perception and her
sense of space. Three further treatment sessions were given over the course of
9 days aboard ship. A number of proprioceptive reflex disturbances were found
with variations of posture and with eyes open or closed during AK testing. Her
recovery was dramatic – from a state of vomiting all night and having to eat
very carefully after any sea voyage, to only slight discomfort on longer and
rougher sailing trips.
Conclusion: The
tonic labyrinthine reflexes, pitch-roll-yaw-tilt technique, and acupressure
methods along with spinal adjustments made a lasting improvement in her
condition aboard ship. Further studies into chiropractic manipulative
treatments for sensory conflict and proprioceptive dysfunctions associated with
the problem of motion sickness are indicated. (Collected Papers International
College of Applied Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:5-8)
Key Indexing Terms: Motion Sickness; Sensation Disorders; Treatment
Outcome; Therapeutics;
Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
A STUDY OF THE INCIDENCE OF LIMBIC FIXATION WITH
CATEGORY I
Cecelia A. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present an observational cohort study on 200 patients with a category I pelvic
lesion and to determine its correlation with a limbic fixation.
Clinical Features:
200 consecutive patients that showed a positive category I pelvic lesion were
examined for the simultaneous presence of a limbic fixation. In AK, the “limbic
fixation” is indicated when there is bilateral weakness of the peroneus
tertius, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus and brevis, or tibialis posterior
muscles and/or positive TL of the C7-1st rib area with head
rotation. A positive challenge for this problem is a separation movement of the
C7 vertebra from the 1st rib.
Intervention and Outcome:
Of the 200 positive category I patients, 49 of 200 were positive for limbic
fixation as determined by the bilateral leg muscle weakness and positive TL.
122 of 200 were positive for limbic fixation as determined by positive TL only
and showing no bilateral leg muscle weakness. A total of 171 of 200 category I
lesions were therefore positive for a simultaneous limbic fixation (85.5% of
the patient cohort), and 29 of 200 category I lesions were negative for limbic
fixations (14.5%).
Conclusion: The
results of this observational cohort study suggest that in any positive
category I condition, a limbic fixation should be examined for also. (Collected
Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:9-10)
CORRELATION BETWEEN TWO TYPES OF CATEGORY I THERAPY
LOCALIZATION
Cecelia A. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present an observation cohort study on 200 patients with category I pelvic
lesions and the correlation of 2 different positive therapy localization
methods.
Clinical Features:
200 patients with positive TL findings for a category I pelvic lesion are
analyzed. Standard TL of a category I is bilateral placement of the palms down
upon each of the sacroiliac joints. A change in strength to a strong indicator
muscle indicates the presence of the category I lesion. If this TL is positive,
the left hand remains on the left sacroiliac with the right hand placed over
the left; then the right hand is placed on the right sacroiliac with the left
hand then placed over the right. The side of positive two-handed TL indicates
the lesion side in AK. Goodheart has presented a second version of category I
TL, where the left hand is placed palm down on the left sacroiliac and the
right hand is placed palm up on the right sacroiliac; this is then reversed.
The side of palm up positive TL determines the side of lesion.
Intervention and Outcome:
Of the 200 positive category I findings determined with the second version of
TL, 167 were also positive via standard TL, with the lesion sides correlating.
The remaining 33 were not positive via standard TL until either EID (Eyes Into
Distortion) or BID (Body Into Distortion) was utilized, again with the lesion
sides correlating. EID and BID are two of the high gain AK techniques that
bring out positive TL.
Conclusion: A 100%
correlation was found in these cases between the lesioned side of the category
I using the standard and the new TL methods. According to these statistics, if
a category I diagnosis using the standard AK TL techniques were employed, there
would be 16.5% of patients having the category I finding but being undiagnosed
without the use of high gain TL techniques. However, use of the new TL method
detected those 16.5% without the need for high gain techniques. (Collected
Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:11-12)
ADDISON’S DISEASE – A CASE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF
CHIROPRACTIC TREATMENT
Daniel H. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present the case of a female who recovered from an Addisonian Crisis (AC) with
AK methods.
Clinical Features: A
29-year-old female with a history of chronic fatigue, weakness, anorexia,
indigestion, headache, abdominal cramping and diarrhea had interrupted her
gradual improvement under AK care for a course of Ayurvedic treatment in India
resulting in an AC requiring emergency hospitalization.
Intervention and Outcome: The
patient returned to chiropractic care in the USA. AK structural, chemical, and
mental findings and described and were corrected. Medical hormonal therapy was
replaced by adrenocortical extract that was then gradually withdrawn and
replaced by desiccated adrenal, adrenal protomorphogen, and Drenamin (Standard
Process Laboratories). The use of other supplements as determined with AK
methods included various glandulars for the adrenal, spleen, pituitary,
thyroid, thymus, parathyroid, and hypothalamus. The patient made a slow but
steady progress to full recovery.
Conclusion: This
case showed that a patient who had experienced an AC could achieve recovery
under chiropractic care. Further studies with larger patient populations are
necessary to determine if this method of treatment might be of benefit to
others with this condition. (Collected Papers International College of Applied
Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:13-15)
Key Indexing Terms:
Adrenal Gland Diseases; Addison Disease;
Anorexia; Adrenal Glands; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
CHOROIDITIS INDUCED VISUAL LOSS RESPONDS TO CHIROPRACTIC
CARE
Daniel H. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present the case of a patient with visual loss of sudden onset that responded
immediately to AK chiropractic treatment.
Clinical Features:
A 29-year-old female experienced an estimated 30% visual loss in the upper left
eye field upon awakening, with an intermittent flashing of light in the
affected eye. Symptom onset closely followed dental extraction of 3 molars and
orthodontic wiring of the upper teeth. The blind spot in the upper left eye
field was above the horizontal and appeared to extend equally to the left and
right. Ophthalmologic treatment produced no change in her vision. Three weeks
had elapsed since onset of symptoms and the results reported.
Intervention and Outcome:
A complete AK examination is described. Severe head tilt was treated with
spinal and cranial manipulative therapy; TMJ dysfunction and a pronounced click
were treated with cranial therapy and manual therapy to the muscles of the TMJ.
Several painful trigger points on the skull indicated widespread imbalance in
the cranial dura. Lower cervical vertebrae were anterior, a category pelvic
fault and ileocecal valve flaccidity were all corrected. Immediately following
these corrections the patient noticed elimination of the intermittent flashing
of light in the affected eye and subjective increase in her visual field. No
objective change was noted in the vertical eye field as measured by a wall
chart immediately before and after each treatment (figure provided). Nutritional
support for hypoadrenia and calcium deficiency was given. Following the second
treatment, there was an increase in the visual field of 4 centimeters measured
in the midline vertically, obtained specifically after a glabellar cranial
fault correction.
Conclusion: Dental
extractions have been suggested to produce cranial dysfunction. This case
suggests that when patients have teeth extracted, simultaneous AK chiropractic
therapy may be advisable. (Collected Papers International College of Applied
Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:16-20)
Key Indexing Terms: Eye Diseases; Choroiditis; Treatment Outcome;
Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology,
Applied.
CROHN’S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS RESPOND TO
CHIROPRACTIC CARE
Daniel H. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case series report on 2 patients with Crohn’s disease and 1 patient
with ulcerative colitis.
Clinical Features:
An 8-year-old male and a 40-year-old female with Crohn’s disease, and an
18-year-old female with ulcerative colitis present for chiropractic care. The
8-year-old male also had abscesses and fistuli in the bowel. The 18-year-old
female had intestinal pain, cramping, diarrhea, and 15 evacuations of the bowel
per day. She was prescribed steroids and counseled on the future need for a
colostomy. The 40-year-old female’s
problem began after she started to consume milk.
Intervention and Outcome:
Consistent findings in all 3 cases were spinal dysfunction in the upper lumbar
region, ileocecal valve flaccidity, and dietary faults and nutritional supports
were diagnosed using AK MMT methods. Nutritional supplements and dietary
restrictions were used. The 8-year-old was symptom free immediately; the
18-year-old recovered in 2 treatments over a 2-week period; the 40-year-old
recovered fully within 3 months.
Conclusion: These 3
cases suggest that AK chiropractic technique was valuable in the successful
treatment of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The elimination of dietary
offenders like seeds, nuts, grains and dairy was followed in each case. These 2
conditions are very severe for the patient and medical treatment of this
problem expensive and uncertain. Larger clinical trials are necessary to
determine the value of this therapy to other patients with these conditions.
(Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology,
1991-1992;1:21-21-26)
Key Indexing Terms: Crohn Disease; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diarrhea;
Gastrointestinal Tract; Diagnosis; Treatment
Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
DIABETES INSIPIDUS RESPONDS TO CHIROPRACTIC CARE
Daniel H. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case series report on 2 patients who showed elimination of their
diabetes insipidus symptoms after AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
A 17-year-old male and a 50-year-old male present with complaints of polydipsia
and polyuria. Both were consuming several gallons of water a day in order to
deal with their polydipsia. The 17-year-old had fractured his temporal bone in
an auto accident and was also experiencing acute neck pain and severe headache.
The 50-year-old’s symptoms were of gradual onset over a two-year period.
Intervention and Outcome:
The 17-year-old received cranial manipulation diagnosed via AK technique, as
well as NL treatment to the SCM muscle on the side of the temporal bone
fracture and spinal manipulation. His headache and neck ROM were relieved.
Daily measurements of fluid intake over the next week showed his water
consumption immediately decreased and returned to normal within 1 week. The 50-year-old
received cranial, TMJ, and spinal treatment. This patient returned to normal
fluid intake within 4 chiropractic treatments over a period of 2 months.
Conclusion: One
case of traumatic and one of non-traumatic diabetes insipidus was shown to
respond to AK therapy. Larger clinical trials on this patient population are
warranted. (Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology,
1991-1992;1:27-29)
Key Indexing Terms: Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic; Diagnosis; Treatment
Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
GRAVES’ DISEASE RESPONDS TO CHIROPRACTIC CARE
Daniel H. Duffy, D.C., and Cecelia A. Duffy, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case series report on 4 female patients with Graves disease whose
symptoms noticeably improved after AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
4 females (46 to 15 years of age) who were medically diagnosed with Graves
disease and refused medical treatment or who were unsuccessfully treated
medically presented for chiropractic care. All patients presented with severe
symptoms of Graves disease, including palpitations, accelerated pulse rate,
nervous symptoms (restlessness, fine muscle tremors, irritability), and
increased metabolic rate.
Intervention and Outcome:
Complete AK examinations on each of the patients are presented. In each case,
subluxations involving the cranial, spinal and pelvic bones were corrected.
Muscle weaknesses were found and treated in each patient demonstrating the
muscle-organ-gland relationship in AK affecting the thyroid, gonads, and liver.
The teres minor was found to be of particular importance in these cases, as
well as the specific acupuncture points TW5 and CS6. Nutritional deficiencies
were also found in each case and extensive supplementation (due to the hypermetabolic
state found in these patients) was part of the multifactorial treatment given.
Each case reported a definite improvement in their well-being and a dramatic
reduction in their symptoms relating to Graves disease.
Conclusion: In this
report it was found that these patients with Graves disease responded
acceptably well to chiropractic care. Larger clinical trials will be necessary
to determine the benefits of this therapy for large populations of patients
with this condition. (Collected Papers International College of Applied
Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:30-38)
Key Indexing Terms:
Graves Disease; Graves Ophthalmopathy;
Thyroid Gland; Diagnosis;
Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
FEMALE INFERTILITY: CASE HISTORIES OF APPLIED
KINESIOLOGY RESPONSE
John M. Heidrich, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present 4 cases of female infertility successfully treated with AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
A 41-year-old female had a successful pregnancy at age 20. At age 30, she was
diagnosed via laparoscopy as infertile with unknown cause. At age 35 she
underwent an unsuccessful 2-year trial of Clomid to induce ovulation.
Microcytic anemia was also present. A 37-year-old female presented with
uninterrupted menses, and who had consistent intercourse with the same partner
for the past 11 years without pregnancy. She was on numerous fertility
medications, and had a benign thyroid tumor producing Graves disease. A
30-year-old female presented with infertility, with a previous laparoscopy at
age 26 being unremarkable. Consistent intercourse without contraception for the
past 5 years with the same partner was without pregnancy. A 20-year-old female
presented with a history of bilateral loss of patency on exploratory
laparoscopy. A partial oopherectomy for multiple ovarian cysts occurred at age
15. Since age 15 she had been having consistent intercourse without
contraception with the same partner. Her menstrual history since the surgery
was unremarkable.
Intervention and Outcome:
Within one year of AK treatment with chiropractic manipulative therapy and
nutritional support, the 41-year-old became pregnant. At the time of her
conception, her hematocrit had improved to 42. Adrenal, essential fatty acid,
and iron nutritional supports were given. The 37-year-old was also pregnant
within one year after treatment of cranial, spinal, pelvic, acupuncture and
nutritional dysfunctions. She has also gone off all of her medication. The
30-year-old became pregnant after 4 months of AK therapy, and has since borne
two other children. The 20-year-old became pregnant after 10 months of
chiropractic therapy primarily aimed at improving her low back pain after an
industrial injury. Once her low back symptoms fully resolved, she became
pregnant. She was given no nutritional supplementation during her care.
Conclusion: This
case series report demonstrated that infertility might result from multiple
etiologies, each of which may be necessary to correct in order for a female
with infertility to become pregnant. As many as 20% of female infertility is
from unknown causes, and the suggestion is made that AK therapy may offer help
in a percentage of these cases. (Collected Papers International College of
Applied Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:47-49)
Key Indexing Terms:
Infertility; Diagnosis; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics;
Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE MOUTH
David W. Leaf, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case with intractable facial pain caused by amalgam fillings that became
magnetized and how this case was resolved successfully with AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
A female patient with intractable facial pain had undergone neurological
treatments, as well as dental corrections with a splint, without success. The
patient had large amalgam fillings covering the surfaces of the 2nd
and 3rd molars on the side of the facial pain.
Intervention and Outcome:
AK examination showed cranial faults (cruciate suture jamming, sphenobasilar
faults), and increased tone of the muscles of mastication. Upper cervical
tenderness was found on the side of facial pain. Using standard AK corrective
procedures, the pain was relieved but returned in 5 days. This pattern occurred
again with the following treatment. On the next visit, the fillings were
measured with a galvanometer and were found to have a substantial charge. The
fillings were then treated with a cassette head demagnetizer (from Radio
Shack), to demagnetize the fillings. The upper cervical and cranial corrections
were performed again. This time, the symptoms did not return for 4 weeks. On
the next visit, the fillings were found to have regained 75% of their charge.
Salivary pH was 5.2, and the patient was instructed on her diet in order to
raise her salivary pH. Demagnetization of the fillings and chiropractic
corrections were made again, and the patient instructed to purchase water at a
pH of at least 7.0 She has progressed with no return of symptoms.
Conclusion: A case
of intractable facial pain due to abnormal physiological consequences of low
salivary pH, magnetized fillings, and TMJ imbalances was successfully managed
with AK therapy. (Collected Papers International College of Applied
Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:68-70)
Key Indexing Terms:
Facial Pain; Facial Neuralgia; Temporomandibular
Joint Dysfunction Syndrome; Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System; Dental
Restoration, Permanent; Saliva; Diagnosis;
Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
FOOD COMBINING
Michael Lebowitz, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present an observational cohort study on 100 subjects to evaluate whether oral
nutrient testing of protein and starch together in the food sensitive group and
in the non-food sensitive group produced differing findings on MMT.
Clinical Features: 50
subjects in this study were negative on AK food sensitivity screening (as
outlined in the author’s book), and 50 were positive or sensitive to at least
one or more foods.
Intervention and Outcome:
In the subjects with no history of food sensitivities, a protein and starch
combination produced weakening in 1 of the 50 subjects. In the subjects with a
present or past history of food sensitivities, the protein and starch
combination produced weakening in 46 of the 50 subjects. 98% of the
non-allergic group were unaffected by the protein and starch combination,
whereas only 8% of the sensitive group were unaffected.
Conclusion: This
observational cohort study suggests that for allergic or food sensitive
patients, it may be advisable for them not to combine concentrated starches and
proteins at the same meal. (Collected Papers International College of Applied
Kinesiology, 1991-1992;1:111)
Key Indexing Terms: Food Hypersensitivity; Muscle Weakness; Diagnosis; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
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