The Following is a Compilation of Applied Kinesiology
Research Papers Published in the Collected Papers
of the International College of
Applied Kinesiology for the year 1989-1990,
Volume I & II
-- Edited by Scott Cuthbert, D.C.
THE FREQUENCY OF COMMON AK FINDINGS
Edward Burstein, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present an observational cohort study on new chiropractic patients not
previously treated by a chiropractor, and to describe the percentage of
patients with common AK findings.
Clinical Features:
The following conditions were diagnosed using AK methods: the category I and
category II pelvic fault, the retrograde lymphatic, ileocecal valve, hiatal
hernia, diaphragm, and TMJ dysfunctions.
Intervention and Outcome:
The frequency of findings of the above problems indicates the category II
pelvic fault to be the most common finding (92 out of 96 new patients, or 96%).
The ileocecal valve finding was present in 52 out of 92 new patients (56.5%);
diaphragm dysfunction in 46 out of 91 new patients (50.5%); TMJ dysfunction in
36 out of 78 new patients (46.1%); positive retrograde lymphatic challenge in
35 out of 87 new patients (40.2%); hiatal hernia dysfunction in 32 out of 92
new patients (34.7%); and the category I pelvic fault was present in 12 out of
92 new patients (13%).
Conclusion: The
results of this observational cohort study suggest that in new chiropractic
patients, many of the standard AK findings will be present, with the category
II pelvic fault the primary problem. (Collected Papers International College of
Applied Kinesiology, 1989-1990;1:13-15)
RAYNAUD’S PHENOMENON SECONDARY TO SCLERODERMA: A CASE
STUDY
Edward M. Burstein, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case history of a patient with Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to
scleroderma who responded to AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
A 42-year-old female presented with 2 years of symptoms involving pain,
numbness and cold in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
fingers of the left hand along with extreme tightness of the skin around her
mouth and cheeks. Examination of the fingers showed them to be blue, cold to
the touch, with tightness of the skin on the fingers and face to palpation. An
additional finding on examination showed that the patient could bear
approximately 90 millimeters of pressure on her left calf and 160 mm of
pressure on the right calf using a manometer, suggesting venous circulation
abnormality.
Intervention and Outcome:
A dorso-lumbar fixation correction strengthened bilateral lower trapezius
muscle weakness, as well as positive TL to spleen 3 and the spleen pulse point.
Reexamination of the calf pressure test showed the patient could bear 130 mm of
pressure on her left calf and 170 mm on her right. The patient said she felt
less pain in her left fingers as well as tightness in her face, with
improvement in the temperature and color in her fingers. Pre-cordial tap
technique abolished the right-brain fault as diagnosed in AK. After this
correction the patient could now withstand pressure of 170 mm on the left and
190 mm on the right, and the patient stated “great” improvement in finger pain
and less tightness in her face with more improvement in the temperature and
color of her fingers.
Conclusion: A
patient exhibiting the signs of Raynaud’s phenomenon and scleroderma found
relief after AK technique. Larger clinical trials of patients with this
condition are needed. (Collected Papers International College of Applied
Kinesiology, 1989-1990;1:17-19)
Key Indexing Terms: Raynaud Disease; Scleroderma, Localized; Treatment
Outcome; Therapeutics;
Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VERTEBRAL CHALLENGE VERSUS
THERAPY LOCALIZATION
Alex P. Karpowicz, Jr., D.I.B.A.K.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present an observational cohort study comparing the AK diagnostic method of TL
to vertebral challenge.
Clinical Features:
Thirty patients were involved in this study involving TL to the 5th
lumbar vertebra, as well as vertebral challenge to the 5th lumbar
vertebra. The 5th lumbar vertebra was suspected as a problem from
each patient’s symptomatic pictures.
Intervention and Outcome:
Twenty-one of the 30 patients showed positive TL to the 5th lumbar
vertebra, and 26 patients showed a positive challenge to the 5th
lumbar vertebra. Four patients showed no change in muscle strength with either
method.
Conclusion: In this
cohort study, vertebral challenge showed more positive findings than vertebral
TL. Comparative studies of these methods of diagnosis with other tradition
chiropractic methods of evaluation are in order. (Collected Papers
International College of Applied Kinesiology, 1989-1990;1:59)
AN OBSERVATION OF A KNEE
Allan N. Zatkin, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present the case of a woman with marked knee pain who responded to AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
One week prior to her examination she had undergone her 5th knee
surgery involving arthroscopic resections of the knee joint and soft tissues.
Extensive physical therapy and pain medications were needed. The patient had
difficulty bearing weight on the knee, had a marked and painful limp, and was
unable to fully flex her knee past 140 degrees, extend her left knee, nor touch
her heel to her buttock. A tympanogram measurement showed imbalance between the
right and left sides.
Intervention and Outcome:
A thorough AK examination is described. The quadriceps muscle on the left was
weak and strengthened with NL and strain-counterstrain treatment. AK treatment
to the other supportive muscles of the knee was successful, and the patient was
able to touch her heel to her buttock. The leg would still not straighten.
Positive TMJ findings were corrected using AK methods, and after this therapy
the patient’s leg was resting on the table in full extension. The patient was
able to bear weight and assume a semi-squatting position. Nine days later the
patient was free of knee pain
Conclusion: In this
case, a whole body evaluation and treatment (including cranial and TMJ therapy)
were required in order to resolve this patient’s severe knee problem.
(Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology,
1989-1990;1:83-86)
Key Indexing Terms:
Knee; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Muscle Weakness; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
ORAL CHALLENGE TO CANDIDA ALBICANS ANTIGEN AND
SYMPTOMS OF CANDIDA ALBICANS SYNDROME ABOLISHED IN ONE TREATMENT AND THREE
WEEKS OF COMPLIANCE – A NEW PROTOCOL
Michael Lebowitz, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case series report of 50 patients with recurring chemical
hypersensitivities who also suffered from candida
albicans infestation who were successfully treated with AK
therapies.
Clinical Features:
The author has reported in previous papers that food and chemical
hypersensitivities have correlating spinal and hypothalamic set point patterns
which only show up when using MMT if the patient is exposed to the allergens
causing their problems. The patients in this case series report with recurring
hypersensitivities also had candida albicans
syndrome (based on their history, symptoms, neuromuscular hypersensitivity
testing, and/or diagnosis by another physician).
Intervention and Outcome:
MMT diagnosis of this problem involves placing a small amount of candida albicans powder on the end of a
toothpick and placing it on the patient’s tongue. In this report, all patients
with a previous diagnosis of candida
albicans syndrome had universal muscle weakness produced by this
challenge. The therapy involves caprylic acid that will negate this universal
muscle weakness in most cases; when it did not, homeopathic candida was employed. Correcting the underlying faults with the candida antigen on the tongue are
described (faults that did not show up on testing without the oral candida challenge), plus proper
supplementation and treatment of food allergies and chemical
hypersensitivities, and avoidance of concentrated sweets for 3 weeks brought an
88% success rate in cessation of the candida
symptoms with no recidivism as long as the patients remain off antibiotics.
Conclusion: From
the results of this case series report, candida albicans syndrome can be
diagnosed and treated successfully for many patients with AK MMT methods.
Larger, more controlled clinical trials are required to confirm this.
(Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology,
1989-1990;1:187-196)
Key Indexing Terms:
Candidiasis; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition;
Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics;
Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
A STUDY OF APPLIED KINESIOLOGY IN TREATMENT OF
LEARNING DISABILITIES AND DYSLEXIA
Harry Lefkowitz, D.C., and Jacob Lefkowitz, M.A.Ed.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present a case series report on 29 patients who had moderate to severe symptoms
of learning disability and dyslexia who were treated with AK techniques.
Clinical Features:
This patient group was between the ages of 6 to 56, with 14 males and 7
females. Each patient was evaluated with the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test, the
Peabody Individual Achievement Test, and the Slingerland Achievement Test.
These tests are widely used in the field of special education and psychology.
Intervention and Outcome:
A complete AK examination and treatment are described for these cases.
Post-treatment testing showed improvement in 18 of the 21 patients treated, an
85.7% success rate (statistical changes on the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test
are tabulated). An improvement was determined by an increase of at least one
grade level function from the pre- to the post-tests. Of the 21 patients, 13
were followed up for at least one year and all retained their improvement in
schoolwork and grades. The most significant change was noted in letter identification
where changes of up to 6 grade levels were noted.
Conclusion: For
this patient cohort, these results suggest that AK principles are an effective
modality for treatment of dyslexia, the component of learning disabilities that
relates to reading. Larger and more controlled clinical trials are necessary to
determine if AK therapy can help large populations of children with this
difficult and costly problem. (Collected Papers International College of
Applied Kinesiology, 1989-1990;1:207-220)
Key Indexing Terms:
Learning Disability; Dyslexia; ADHD;
Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition; Treatment Outcome;
Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology,
Applied.
REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY AND LUMBAR DISC
INVOLVEMENT
Thomas A. Rogowskey, D.C.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To
present the case report of a patient with diagnosed reflex sympathetic
dystrophy of the right foot that was successfully treated with AK therapy.
Clinical Features:
A 40-year-old male presented with a right ankle that was edematous and painful
under the lateral malleolus and Achilles tendon area. Six months previously he
had begun running and felt pain similar to shin splints. He needed crutches to
walk because of the severity of pain initially. X-ray, blood work, CAT scan and
bone scans were negative. Acupuncture and cortisone therapy was not successful.
A diagnosis of reflex sympathetic dystrophy was given. He had a history of a herniated disc at age 18, but
was not experiencing back pain at presentation but he was using a cane to walk.
Intervention and Outcome:
AK diagnosis revealed a lateral talus subluxation of the foot, as well as
spinal dysfunction at the L5-S1 level. Therapy was given to strengthen weak
ankle stabilizer muscles, and nutritional supports were given. The patient was
treated twice a week, and in the second week his ankle was pain free in the
mornings for the first time since he injured it. Swelling in the ankle was
removed after 4 weeks, at which time a superior talus adjustment was
accomplished. He was able to walk without his cane after 7 weeks. After 4
months the treatment of this condition was terminated when the patient was able
to hike mountains and take aerobic classes without discomfort.
Conclusion: This case
showed that AK methods allowed the physician to sort through the varied
symptomatology and deliver a multimodal therapy that was successful in treating
this case of reflex sympathetic dystrophy and its associated symptoms.
(Collected Papers International College of Applied Kinesiology,
1989-1990;1:221-227)
Key Indexing Terms: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy; Ankle; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutics; Chiropractic; Kinesiology, Applied.
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